Coating

Definition and Overview

Coating is a process in which resin, rubber-like materials, pigments, and similar substances are applied or impregnated onto a woven or knitted base fabric to add surface characteristics and functionality. Depending on the type of processing agent, the amount applied, and the side being processed, the finished appearance and performance can vary greatly.

It is not a fabric structure or material name, but the name of a post-process added afterward. Even with the same nylon or polyester textile, applications, sewing conditions, and handling methods change depending on whether coating is applied and on its specifications.

Features and Functions That Can Be Expressed

In general, in processes that form a film on the surface, it is possible to express firmness, body, slipperiness, gloss, a matte feel, and a leather-like appearance. The greater the amount of processing, the stiffer the textile may feel, and drape and breathability may decrease.

Depending on the process design, wind resistance, water resistance, stain resistance, and airtightness can be added. However, the mere fact that it is a coated finish does not determine the degree of waterproofness or moisture permeability. It is necessary to check test values and product specifications according to the required function.

Main Applications

It is used for outerwear, blousons, rainwear, bags, pouches, hats, uniforms, and more. It is sometimes chosen for applications where protection from wind and raindrops is desired, or where a distinctive gloss or texture is to be used in the design.

If applied to a lightweight base fabric, it can be used as a lightweight shell material; if applied to a heavy or high-density base fabric, it can be used as a material that retains its shape more easily. It is also considered for planning that requires weather resistance, not only in autumn and winter but also during the rainy season and for outdoor applications.

Selection and Handling Precautions

When selecting, in addition to the base fabric material, fabric weight, and stretchability, check the processed side, gloss, stiffness, water resistance, moisture permeability, and surface changes caused by friction. Because textile shrinkage is mainly affected by the base fabric and processing conditions, it is important to conduct washing tests and confirm dimensional change before mass production.

Whether washing, dry cleaning, or ironing is possible depends on the processing agent. High temperatures, strong friction, solvents, and hot and humid conditions during long-term storage may cause stickiness, cracking, peeling, or surface changes, so follow the care label and the supplier's instructions.

In sewing, needle holes can reduce water resistance, and water penetration through the seams must also be considered. In addition, presser marks, feeding problems, and heat-related surface changes may occur. Adjust the needle, thread, presser foot pressure, and sewing speed through trial sewing, and consider seam finishing if necessary.

Differences from Similar Terms

Water-repellent finishing is a process that makes water droplets easier to bead on the surface of the textile. Coating often refers to a process that forms a film, and it is also used in designs that increase water resistance and wind resistance, but the purpose and structure are not the same.

Laminating and bonding are methods of adhering a film or another textile to create multiple layers. Coating, on the other hand, generally refers to a method in which a liquid processing agent is applied to the base fabric to form a film. In practice, the terms may be mixed, so the cross-sectional structure and performance should be checked.

Frequently Asked Questions